jQuery is a cross-platform JavaScript library designed to make
things easier the client-side scripting of HTML JQuery is the most well-liked JavaScript
library in use today, with installation on 65% of the top 10 million
highest-trafficked sites on the Web. JQuery
is at no cost, open-source software qualified below the MIT License. JQuery’s syntax is designed to make it easier
to map read a document, select DOM elements, generate animations, handle events,
and develop Ajax applications. JQuery also provides capabilities for developers
to generate plug-ins on top of the JavaScript library. This enables developers
to create abstractions for low-level contact and animation, superior effects
and high-level, theme able widgets. The modular come up to to the jQuery
library allows the conception of powerful dynamic web pages and Web
applications. The set of jQuery core features—DOM element selections, traversal and exploitation—enabled
by its selector locomotive
(named "Sizzle" from v1.3), fashioned a new "programming
style", fusing algorithms and DOM data structures. This
style fractional the architecture of other JavaScript frameworks likes YUI v3 and Dojo, later
motivating the conception of the regular Selectors API. Microsoft and Nokia
anthology jQuery on their platforms. Microsoft includes it with design Studio
for use within Microsoft's ASP.NET AJAX and ASP.NET
MVC
frameworks while Nokia has incorporated it into
the Web Run-Time widget expansion platform. jQuery has also been used in Media
Wiki since version 1.16. Contents: Overview, History, Features , Browser
,support, Usage ,Including the library, Usage styles, No-conflict mode ,Typical
start-point, Creating new ,DOM elements, Chaining, Utility functions, Ajax , Asynchronous,
jQuery plug-ins , Release history, Testing framework, See also, References, Further reading, External
links. JQuery, at
its core, is a DOM (Document Object Model) handling library. The DOM is a tree-structure image of all
the elements of a Web page. jQuery simplifies the syntax for judgment,
selecting, and manipulate these DOM elements. For example, jQuery can be used
for finding an element in the document with a convinced property (e.g. all
elements with an h1 tag), changing one or more of its attribute (e.g.
color, visibility), or making it respond to an event (e.g. a mouse click). JQuery also provides a
paradigm for event handling that goes absent from basic DOM element selection
and treatment. The event assignment and the event callback meaning description
are done in a single footstep in a single location in the code. JQuery also
aims to add in other highly used JavaScript functionality (e.g. fade INS and
fade outs when hiding elements, animations by manipulating CSS properties). Separation of
JavaScript and HTML: The jQuery library provides straightforward syntax for addition
event handlers to the DOM using JavaScript,
rather than addition HTML event attributes to call JavaScript functions. Thus,
it encourages developers to completely divide JavaScript code from HTML markup. Brevity and clarity: jQuery promotes briefness and
clarity with facial appearance like chainable functions and shorthand function
names. Elimination of cross-browser incompatibilities: The JavaScript
engines of diverse browsers
differ to some extent so JavaScript code that works for one browser may not
work for another. Like other JavaScript toolkits, jQuery handles all these
cross-browser inconsistencies and provides a consistent interface that works crosswise
dissimilar browsers. Extensibility: fresh events, elements, and methods can be with no trouble additional
and then reused as a plug-in. 
JQuery was
originally free in January 2006 at Bar Camp NYC by John Resig and was unfair by Dean Edwards' previous cssQuery library. It is at present maintained
by a team of developers led by Timmy Willison (with the jQuery selector locomotive,
Sizzle, being led by Richard Gibson). JQuery has also an attractive software
license history. Originally below the CC BY-SA 2.5, it was relicensed to the
MIT license in 2006. On end of 2006 it was dual-licensed under GPL and MIT
license. As this led to some perplexity,
in 2012 the GPL was dropped and is now only MIT licensed. As of 2015, jQuery leftovers the most extensively
used JavaScript library on the Web. Features
DOM element selections using the multi-browser unlock source selector engine
Sizzle, a spin-off of the jQuery project DOM handling based on CSS selectors
that uses elements' names and attributes, such as id and class, as criteria to choose
nodes in the DOM. Deferred and assure objects to organize asynchronous meting
out. Utilities, such as characteristic recognition, Compatibility methods that
are natively available in modern browsers, but need fall backs for older ones,
such as inArray() and each(), Multi-browser (not to be perplexed with cross-browser)
sustain. Both versions 1.x and 2.x of jQuery
support "current-1 versions" (meaning the existing stable version of
the browser and the version that preceded it) of Firefox, Chrome, Safari, and Opera. Version 1.x also handcuffs Internet Explorer 6 or
higher. However, jQuery version 2.x dropped Internet Explorer 6–8 carry and
supports only IE 9 and afterward
versions. The jQuery
library is an only JavaScript file containing all of its ordinary DOM, event,
effects, and Ajax functions. It can be incorporated within a Web page by
linking to a local copy or to one of the many copies accessible from public
servers. jQuery has a content liberation network (CDN) hosted by MaxCDN. Google
and Microsoft congregation
it as fine. <script src="jquery.js"></script> It is also probable to comprise
jQuery straight from a CDN: <script src="https://code.jquery.com/jquery-3.1.0.min.js"></script> Via the $ function, which is a factory method for the jQuery
object. These functions, often called instructions, are chainable as they all come
back jQuery objects. Via $.-prefixed functions. These are helpfulness
functions, which do not act upon the jQuery object straight. Admission to and exploitation
of numerous DOM nodes in jQuery naturally begins with calling the $ function
with a CSS selector string. This precedes a jQuery object referencing all the
matching elements in the HTML page. $("div.test"), for example, precedes
a jQuery object with all the div elements of class test. This node set can be
manipulated by calling methods on the returned jQuery object or on the nodes
themselves. JQuery also includes .no Conflict () mode, which relinquishes
control of $. This is helpful if jQuery is used with other libraries that also
use $ as an identifier. In no-conflict mode, developers can use jQuery as a substitution
for $ with no trailing functionality. Typically, jQuery is use by putting initialization code and
event conduct functions in $(handler). This is triggered when the browser has
constructed the DOM and sends a load occasion. $(function () { // jQuery code, event handling callbacks here });
Historically, $(document).ready(callback) has been the de facto signature for administration
code when the DOM is ready. However, since jQuery 3.0, developers are optimistic
to use the much shorter $(handler) autograph. Callback functions for event management on
elements that aren't loaded yet can be registered inside .ready () as anonymous
functions. These event handlers will only be called when the happening is
triggered. For example, the next code adds an event trainer for a mouse click on
an img image element. $(function () { $('img').on ('click', function () {// handle
the click event on any img element in the pag }); }); The next syntaxes are equivalent, though only
$(handler) should be used: This
line finds the combination of all div tags with class characteristic test and
all p tags with class characteristic quote, adds the class characteristic blue
to each matched element, and then
increases their height with an moving picture. The $ and add functions influence
the matched set, while the add Class and slide Down influence the referenced nodes. Convinced jQuery functions come back
specific values (such as $('#input-user-email').val()). In these cases, chaining will not
work as the value does not circumstances the jQuery object. Besides accessing DOM nodes from side to side jQuery object pecking
order, it is also probable to generate new DOM elements, if a string accepted
as the argument to $() looks like HTML. For example, this line finds an HTML select
element with ID carmakes, and adds an option element with price "VAG"
and text "Volkswagen":
Functions
prefixed with $.
Are utility functions or functions that influence universal properties and
behavior. The following, for example, is a function used for iterating
over
arrays called every in jQuery: Note that the above example uses the
delayed
nature of $.ajax() to lever its asynchronous nature: .done() and .fail()
generate
callbacks that run only when the asynchronous practice is total.
jQuery's building allows developers to make plug-in code to expand
its function. There are thousands of jQuery plug-ins available on the
Web that wrap a range of functions, such as Ajax
helpers, Web services, data grids, dynamic lists, XML and XSLT tools, drag and
drop, events, cookie behavior, and modal windows. A significant basis of jQuery
plug-ins is the plug-in sub domain of the jQuery Project website. The plug-in
in this sub domain, however, were by chance deleted in December 2011 in an
attempt to rid the site of spam. The new
site will include a GitHub-hosted repository, which will necessitate developers to
resubmit their plug-in and to conform to new submission requirements. There are alternative plug-in search engines like jquer.in that take more specialized
approaches, such as catalog only plug-ins that meet certain criteria (e.g.
those that have a public code repository). JQuery provides a "Learning
Center" that can help users understand JavaScript and get ongoing
developing jQuery plugins.
Joomla is a free of charge and open-source content
management system (CMS) for publishing web content. It is built on a
model–view–controller web application framework that can be used independently
of the CMS. Joomla is written in PHP, uses object-oriented programming (OOP) techniques (since
version 1.5 and software design patterns, stores data in a MySQL, MS SQL (since version
2.5), or PostgreSQL (since version 3.0) database, and includes features such as page caching,
RSS feeds, printable versions of pages, news flashes, blogs, search, and bear
for language internationalization. As
of November 2016, Joomla! Has been downloaded over 78 million times. Over 7,800
complimentary and commercial extensions are available from the official Joomla! Extension Directory and
more are available from other sources. It is estimated to be
the second most used content management system on the Internet, after Word
Press. Joomla was the effect of a fork of Mambo on August 17, 2005.
At that time, the Mambo name was a brand of Miro International Pvt. Ltd, who shaped
a non-profit foundation with the stated reason of
funding the project and defensive it from lawsuits. The Joomla development team
claimed that many of the necessities of the foundation organization violated
previous agreements made by the elected Mambo Steering Committee, lacked the essential
discussion with key stakeholders and included provisions that violated core open
source values. Joomla developers shaped
a website called OpenSourceMatters.org (OSM) to hand out information to the
software the public. Project leader Andrew Eddie wrote a letter that
appeared on the announcements section of the public forum at
mamboserver.com.
Over one thousand people joined OpenSourceMatters.org within a day, most
redeployment
words of encouragement and support. The website received the Slashdot
effect as
a result. Miro CEO Peter Lamont responded publicly to the development
team in
an article titled "The Mambo Open Source Controversy — 20 Questions
With Miro". This event fashioned disagreement within the free software
community about the definition of open source. Forums of other
open-source
projects were energetic with postings about the proceedings of both
sides. In the two weeks following Eddie's statement, teams were
re-organized and the community sustained to grow. Eben Moglen and the
Software
Freedom Law Center (SFLC) assisted the Joomla core team beginning in
August
2005, as indicated by Moglen's blog entry from that date and a related
OSM
announcement. The SFLC continue to provide
lawful direction to the Joomla project. On August 18, Andrew Eddie called for
community effort to put forward a name for the project. The core team held in
reserve the right for the last naming finish, and chose a name not compulsory
by the community. On September 22, the new name, Joomla!, was announced. It is
the anglicised spelling of the Swahili word jumla, meaning all jointly or as a entire
which also has a similar meaning in at least Amharic, Arabic and Urdu. On
September 26, the expansion team called for logo submissions from the community
and invited the community to vote on the logo; the team announced the
community's decision on September 29. On October 2, brand guidelines, a make
manual, and a set of logo capital were available. Similar to
many other web applications, Joomla may be jog on a LAMP stack. Many web hosts have control panels for habitual
installation of Joomla. On Windows, Joomla can be installed by means of the
Microsoft Web Platform Installer, which routinely detects and installs
dependencies, such as PHP or 
MySQL.
Many web sites provide in sequence on
installing and maintaining Joomla sites. Joomla! Utilises a configuration file
(configuration.php, typically located in the root of the Joomla! installation)
to control a range of settings including (but not limited to) database association
settings. Due to the use of a configuration file, migrating from one server to
another is relatively simple. There are
two great Joomla conferences each year. Joomla and Beyond (JaB) which is a meeting
largely aimed at Joomla Developers and site integrators and is hosted in Europe
around May every year. The Joomla World Conference which brings together
developers, designers, site administrators, business owners, and community
members is held in the latter half of the year. Every year Joomla communities
hold their own country or local Joomla Days. Joomla also, like many coding
communities hosts many district user groups as well. Extensions Joomla extensions make bigger the functionality of Joomla
websites. Eight types of extensions may be illustrious: components, modules,plug in, templates, languages, libraries, files
and packages. Every of these extensions handle
a specific function. Many of
the extensions built by the Joomla! Community is not without charge but need a payment
for download. Components are the main and most multifaceted extensions. Most machinery has two parts:
a site part and an administrator part. Every time a Joomla page loads, one component is called to cause
to be the main page body. Components produce the major piece of a page because
a component is driven by a menu thing. Plug-in are superior extensions and are, in essence, event
handlers. In the execution of any part of Joomla, a module or a component, an
event may be triggered. When an event is triggered, plug-in that is registered
to handle that event carry out. For instance, a plug-in could be used to block
user-submitted
articles and filter text. The line between plug-in and machinery
can now and then be a little fuzzy. Sometimes large or advanced plug-in are
called components even though they don't actually render large portions of a
page. An SEF URL addition might be created as a constituent; even although its
functionality could be skillful with just plug-in. Templates explain the main design of a Joomla
website. While the CMS manages the website content, templates decide the style or
look and suffer and layout of
a site. Modules are active or static output in a
template position. Templates define dynamic positions that can be assigned
modules. An example could be a boxed login shape in a sidebar. This could be
compared to another CMS's "widgets in sidebar". Multiple modules can
be assigned to each position and every module's assignment can be proscribed
per menu item. Historically, modules are assigned to sidebars around the main
component productivity. Languages are very easy extensions that can either be used
as a core part or as an addition. Language and font in sequence can also be old
for PDF or PSD to Joomla conversions.
